An effective procurement process ensures the availability of the right drugs in the right quantities, available at the right time, for the right I.World Health Organization. Practices for Inventory and Warehouse Management.” SmartTurn created this eBook for business owners, logistics professionals, accounting staff, and procurement managers responsible for inventory, warehouse and 3PL operations, as well as anyone else who wants to … Drug Supply Chain Context (Cycle management) III. An estimated 769,500 Ethiopians are currently living with HIV, out of who542600 require antiretroviral treatment (ART) and 367 000 are currently taking ARV. Global Supply Chain Program - Procurement and Supply Management Project. III. The aim of this study was to assess the supply chain management of HIV/AIDS related commodities in public health facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Institution based cross sectional survey was conducted among six HCs in Adama Town from March 19 to April 12, 2017. for drugs supply and some of the drugs and supplies finding their way in drug shops and or clinics belonging to health officials. It contains drug supply difficult to make conclusion about the quality of drugs in the drug supply system since variables other than those investigated here also determine the quality of drugs. There is an annex at the back of the handbook. Antiretroviral treatment began in 2003 and free ART was launched in Ethiopia in 2005. Please use the following for citation: Seifu A Tilahun, Amy S. Collick and Manyahlshal Ayele. Problem Statement (initial) The task is to specify a logistics and stock management information system to optimize the . management process [8, 9], it is underutilized in develop-ing countries like Ethiopia [10]. 2.HIV Infections – prevention and control. ... EWRMP Ethiopia Water Resource Management policy FGD Focus Group Discussion HH Household The WHO Essential Drugs and Medicines (EDM) programme in Ethiopia contributes towards the achievement of the WHO leadership priorities at country level, through implementation of the WHO Country Cooperation Strategy (CCS), WHO Global and Regional initiatives regarding the pharmaceutical sector. Lack of supply chain education: Awareness of the concept of supply chain management, particularly within hospitals, is low (Lauer 2004). Availability of Drugs, supplies and Equipment shall be assured by: 7.1 Preparing lists of essential and standard drugs and equipment for all levels of the health service system and continuously updating such lists. Drug Des Int Prop Int J 1(2)- 2018. There are four major areas related to drug management: a) Rational use, b) Affordable price, c) Sustainable financing and d) Reliable health and supply systems. Drug Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia Planning and Drug information establsihment and dissemination Department P.o.Box 5681 Fax. Problems related to medicines safety can emerge from real-life medication use due to increasing access to complex treatment of concomitant infectious and noncommunicable diseases, hence leading to a higher prevalence of drug-related problems. This can be explained by different reasons. However, interrupted supplies and stock-outs are the major challenges in the supply chain of ARV medicines and related commodities. Proper logistics management information system in the supply chain improves health outcomes by maintaining accurate and timely information. Ethiopian Hospital Management Initiative FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH Chapter 10: Pharmacy Service Version 1.0 August, 2017. INTRODUCTION The strategic role of supply chain management (SCM) in the Lagos State public sector as the medium for creating and sustaining a competitive advantage cannot be underscored (Afemikhe, S. O, 2011). PDF Managing Drug Supply: The Selection, Procurement, Distribution, and Use of Pharmaceuticals (Kumarian Press Books on International Development) by Management Sciences for Health (1997-04-01) ePub Free by ebook 00:42 Download . While governmental and non-governmental organizations have been implementing water supply and sanitation projects in recent years, many fail shortly after construction due improper management. Out of six HCs, four of them procured EMs from both pharmaceutical fund and supply agency (PFSA) of Ethiopia and private suppliers. Stock status of PFSA and transportation were the major challenges during the procurement process. The overall average availability of TDs on the day of the survey was 76.3%. Examensarbete 2012:13 . The Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration and Control Authority (FMHACA) of Ethiopia was established to protect the public health from unsafe, inefficacious and poor quality medicines by insuring effective and efficient pre and post … March 6, 2019: GUIDELINES FOR SUBMISSION OF POST-APPROVAL VARIATION MEDICINE APPLICATIONS 2015 The ultimate vision of DHBA supply chain was . Ethiopia’s Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for improved water and sanitation access are 70 percent and 56 percent respectively. . Identify different categories of drugs required by the health facility based on the national essential drug list (EDL) / … Institute for Safe Medication Practices, 20% of practitioners surveyed reported that adverse patient outcomes occurred because of a lack of inventory management and monitoring of supply levels. With over seventy years of service, the Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency (EPSA) is a veteran institution in providing pharmaceuticals, laboratory reagents, medical equipment and supplies to the Ethiopian people. Despite the numerous changes in nomenclature throughout the years, supplying pharmaceuticals has always been our core activity. Management in Pooled Procurement IV. Recognizing the need for antiretroviral treatment, the Government of Ethiopia (GOE) issued the first Rural water supply management and sustainability in Ethiopia with special emphasis on water supply schemes in Adama area . are believed to harbour Drug resistant-TB with an estimated 240 000 deaths annually due to Drug resistant-TB. Effective management of information is the key to achieving these goals. 3.Anti-Retroviral Agents – therapeutic use. Drug Management Cycle Getachew Moges (B.pharm, MSc) • drug supply mgt involves four major functions: – Drug selection – Drug procurement – Drug distribution and – Drug use • these are inter liked to each other & form acyclic process 2 The drug mgt cycle Flow of supply activity Selection Management Support systems organization, financing, Procurement Drug use information mgt & … Veterinary Drugs Handling, Management and Supply Chain Assessment in Afar Pastoral Region of North East Ethiopia. 49 Introduction Supply chain management is defined as the amalgamation of key business processes across the supply chain for the rationale of generating value for customers and stakeholders. 2012. The first step in the process of change was to define the vision of the DH supply chain, as it should be in few years. Access to safe drinking water supplies and sanitation services in Ethiopia are among the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: recommendations for a public health approach – 2nd ed. ... Download full-text PDF Read full-text. If medical supplies are out-of stock, sanitation. Annexes Resolutions Administrartive order Procurement Cycle Excerpts from the handbook o the Philippine Government Procurement Act and its IRR 42 End User: Identify Fast Moving Drugs and Mental health is one of the most disadvantaged health programmes in Ethiopia, both in terms of facilities and trained manpower. Fundamentals of Supply Chain Management 5 Contents 3.6apacity Planning C 42 3.7ullwhip E ect B 44 4ean Supply Management L 50 4.1 Or igins of the Lean Manufacturing 50 4.2ean Supply Principles L 51 4.3ocusing on Cost-to-Serve F 56 4.4 Drivers for Lean Supply Chain 57 4.5ean Process Mapping Tools L 60 5gile Supply Management A 70 Abebe Tadesse Lencha . Recurrent drought is also the main challenge of the country. WaterAid Ethiopia and Bahir Dar University encourages fair use of this document with proper citation. S I S. Water Supply and Sanitation in Amhara Region. With over seventy years of service, the Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency (EPSA) is a veteran institution in providing pharmaceuticals, laboratory reagents, medical equipment and supplies to the Ethiopian people. ... Ethiopia, Management, Supply … We extend our gratitude to Heads of the six Regional and City Council Health Bureaus, and Directors of the selected Health facilities who endorsed the study and for their invaluable support. II. First, supply chain management has an impact on human health requiring adequate and accurate medical supply conforming to the patients’ needs [13]. Evidences that could be associated with climate change have already started appearing in Ethiopia. 2 NATIONAL GUIDELINES ON DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS MANAGEMENT 1.1.1 Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDRTB) in the world According to the most recent WHO Global Tuberculosis Report (2018) the total number of new (incident) TB cases worldwide in 2017 was estimated at 10.0 million. 2 Pharmacy management systems, which provide real-time inventory quantities, can assist in maintaining As for all national vaccine supply … Each chapter explains how the component fits into the drug supply. The purpose of this study was to determine program drugs logistics management information system performance in public health facilities of East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State. Rational Drug Use • The number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 1.9 and this is encouraging when compared with … DOI: 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.01.000107. 4.Guideline. Ethiopia is a country with about 86 million people and 50 psychiatrists. Annex 1 Map of Ethiopia Annex 2 Organogram of MOWR Annex 3 Bank Group Financing in Ethiopia Annex 4 Technology Choices Annex 5 Environmental and Social Management Plan Summary Annex 6 Detailed Cost Estimates Annex 7 Cost Estimates, Expenditure Schedules, Procurement Table for ADF Financing Annex 8 Programme Organisational Chart Interruptions in the supply chains results into shortages or non availability of critical health commodities in many health centres and public health sector programs. The Handbook for Drug Supply Management at the First-level Health Facility describes each component and explains its standard procedures. Substance abuse refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs. : +1-703-524-6575 Fax: +1-703-524-7898 E-mail: was largely supported through the Strategies for Enhancing Access to Medicines grant from the … ISSN 1654-9392 . The implementation started in year 2001. Management and logistics in Ethiopia since the rate of hospital visits per health center will remain constant. Good inventory management practices in the health facilities are one of the critical aspects that influence the availability of essential medicines (EMs). This second edition of Ethiopian Medicines Formulary (EMF) has passed intensive works starting from preparation of the draft document by arranging monographs for each medicine to preparing detailed document. The objective of this review was to assess … Procurement is an important part of efficient drug management and supply and is critical for all levels of health care institutions. . DRUGS: save lives and improve health make health services reliable and support people partaking in health services are expensive requires especial notice compared to other consumer products supply method has great potential for improvement A bit of history From 1950-1970 basic drug management concept began to evolve e.g. To reach the MDG targets, the government will need to help ensure local water supply and sanitation (WSS) service providers continue to develop their capacity to manage operations. This study aimed to assess EMs availability and inventory management practices at health centers (HCs) of Adama town, Ethiopia. The healthcare supply chains are more complex and more immature compared to other industries [9, 11, 12]. Adverse drug reactions are major global public health problems and an important cause of mortality. manage supply chain in coordinated manner, KPMG consulting company was engaged. DDIPIJ.MS.ID.000107. Write a proposal to management for setting up of drug and therapeutic committee in line with requirements prescribed by the National Drug Policy. 44.1 Information for materials management The goals of medical stores management are to protect stored items from loss, damage, theft, or wastage and to manage the reliable movement of supplies from source to user in the most economical and expeditious way. Analysis of challenges of medical supply chains in sub-Saharan Africa regarding inventory management and transport and distribution Project Thesis Anna Schöpperle, 14078114/1 University of Westminster, London Westminster Business School Professor Prof. Allan Woodburn Submission Date 28 th, August 2013 Student ID 14078114/1 pharmaceutical services: retail pharmacies and drug sellers 8.8 Health systems strengthening, decentralization, and pharmaceutical supply management 8.16 8.9 Analyzing options for supplying essential medicines 8.18 8.10 Implementing sustainable changes in pharmaceutical supply systems 8.18 References and further readings 8.19 Let us start by learning some common terms and their definitions used in drug management: Medicine: a) An agent, such as a drug, used to treat disease or injury. A facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study design … 1.HIV Infections – drug therapy. Management Sciences for Health Attn: Managing Drug Supply 4301 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22203 USA el. Ethiopia is among the 30 High TB, HIV and MDR-TB Burden Countries, with annual estimated TB incidence of 177/100,000 populations and death rate … This paper aims to review the healthcare supply chain (HSC) literature along various areas and to find out the gap in it.,In total, 143 research papers were reviewed during 1996-2017. Inventory management plays a major role in providing efficient healthcare in relation to three vital aspects of drug supplies used in the health facilities; availability, safety, and … KEYWORDS: Supply Chain Management, Public Procurement, Integrated Development Planning. Despite the numerous changes in nomenclature throughout the years, supplying pharmaceuticals has always been our core activity. 7.2 Encouraging national production capability of drugs, vaccines, supplies Learning and Communication Research Report, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia the acquisition of goods and/or services at the best possible total cost of ownership, A wide range of pharmaceutical products are needed for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Given this context, a number of initiatives have been undertaken over … economic activities such asagriculture which is the main stay of Ethiopia’s economy, energy and water supply, human health, etc are also very sensitive to climate variations. Therefore, managers are not properly equipped to control the supply of medication. vaccine supply chain in Ethiopia. 251-115-521392 E-mail: daca@ethionet.et GENERAL ADVICE TO PRESCRIBERS AND DISPENSERS RATIONAL APPROACH TO THERAPEUTICS Drugs should only be prescribed when they are necessary, and in all cases the Among these, 9% were HIV+.
drug supply management in ethiopia pdf
An effective procurement process ensures the availability of the right drugs in the right quantities, available at the right time, for the right I.World Health Organization. Practices for Inventory and Warehouse Management.” SmartTurn created this eBook for business owners, logistics professionals, accounting staff, and procurement managers responsible for inventory, warehouse and 3PL operations, as well as anyone else who wants to … Drug Supply Chain Context (Cycle management) III. An estimated 769,500 Ethiopians are currently living with HIV, out of who542600 require antiretroviral treatment (ART) and 367 000 are currently taking ARV. Global Supply Chain Program - Procurement and Supply Management Project. III. The aim of this study was to assess the supply chain management of HIV/AIDS related commodities in public health facilities of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Institution based cross sectional survey was conducted among six HCs in Adama Town from March 19 to April 12, 2017. for drugs supply and some of the drugs and supplies finding their way in drug shops and or clinics belonging to health officials. It contains drug supply difficult to make conclusion about the quality of drugs in the drug supply system since variables other than those investigated here also determine the quality of drugs. There is an annex at the back of the handbook. Antiretroviral treatment began in 2003 and free ART was launched in Ethiopia in 2005. Please use the following for citation: Seifu A Tilahun, Amy S. Collick and Manyahlshal Ayele. Problem Statement (initial) The task is to specify a logistics and stock management information system to optimize the . management process [8, 9], it is underutilized in develop-ing countries like Ethiopia [10]. 2.HIV Infections – prevention and control. ... EWRMP Ethiopia Water Resource Management policy FGD Focus Group Discussion HH Household The WHO Essential Drugs and Medicines (EDM) programme in Ethiopia contributes towards the achievement of the WHO leadership priorities at country level, through implementation of the WHO Country Cooperation Strategy (CCS), WHO Global and Regional initiatives regarding the pharmaceutical sector. Lack of supply chain education: Awareness of the concept of supply chain management, particularly within hospitals, is low (Lauer 2004). Availability of Drugs, supplies and Equipment shall be assured by: 7.1 Preparing lists of essential and standard drugs and equipment for all levels of the health service system and continuously updating such lists. Drug Des Int Prop Int J 1(2)- 2018. There are four major areas related to drug management: a) Rational use, b) Affordable price, c) Sustainable financing and d) Reliable health and supply systems. Drug Administration and Control Authority of Ethiopia Planning and Drug information establsihment and dissemination Department P.o.Box 5681 Fax. Problems related to medicines safety can emerge from real-life medication use due to increasing access to complex treatment of concomitant infectious and noncommunicable diseases, hence leading to a higher prevalence of drug-related problems. This can be explained by different reasons. However, interrupted supplies and stock-outs are the major challenges in the supply chain of ARV medicines and related commodities. Proper logistics management information system in the supply chain improves health outcomes by maintaining accurate and timely information. Ethiopian Hospital Management Initiative FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA MINISTRY OF HEALTH Chapter 10: Pharmacy Service Version 1.0 August, 2017. INTRODUCTION The strategic role of supply chain management (SCM) in the Lagos State public sector as the medium for creating and sustaining a competitive advantage cannot be underscored (Afemikhe, S. O, 2011). PDF Managing Drug Supply: The Selection, Procurement, Distribution, and Use of Pharmaceuticals (Kumarian Press Books on International Development) by Management Sciences for Health (1997-04-01) ePub Free by ebook 00:42 Download . While governmental and non-governmental organizations have been implementing water supply and sanitation projects in recent years, many fail shortly after construction due improper management. Out of six HCs, four of them procured EMs from both pharmaceutical fund and supply agency (PFSA) of Ethiopia and private suppliers. Stock status of PFSA and transportation were the major challenges during the procurement process. The overall average availability of TDs on the day of the survey was 76.3%. Examensarbete 2012:13 . The Food, Medicine and Health Care Administration and Control Authority (FMHACA) of Ethiopia was established to protect the public health from unsafe, inefficacious and poor quality medicines by insuring effective and efficient pre and post … March 6, 2019: GUIDELINES FOR SUBMISSION OF POST-APPROVAL VARIATION MEDICINE APPLICATIONS 2015 The ultimate vision of DHBA supply chain was . Ethiopia’s Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for improved water and sanitation access are 70 percent and 56 percent respectively. . Identify different categories of drugs required by the health facility based on the national essential drug list (EDL) / … Institute for Safe Medication Practices, 20% of practitioners surveyed reported that adverse patient outcomes occurred because of a lack of inventory management and monitoring of supply levels. With over seventy years of service, the Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency (EPSA) is a veteran institution in providing pharmaceuticals, laboratory reagents, medical equipment and supplies to the Ethiopian people. Despite the numerous changes in nomenclature throughout the years, supplying pharmaceuticals has always been our core activity. Management in Pooled Procurement IV. Recognizing the need for antiretroviral treatment, the Government of Ethiopia (GOE) issued the first Rural water supply management and sustainability in Ethiopia with special emphasis on water supply schemes in Adama area . are believed to harbour Drug resistant-TB with an estimated 240 000 deaths annually due to Drug resistant-TB. Effective management of information is the key to achieving these goals. 3.Anti-Retroviral Agents – therapeutic use. Drug Management Cycle Getachew Moges (B.pharm, MSc) • drug supply mgt involves four major functions: – Drug selection – Drug procurement – Drug distribution and – Drug use • these are inter liked to each other & form acyclic process 2 The drug mgt cycle Flow of supply activity Selection Management Support systems organization, financing, Procurement Drug use information mgt & … Veterinary Drugs Handling, Management and Supply Chain Assessment in Afar Pastoral Region of North East Ethiopia. 49 Introduction Supply chain management is defined as the amalgamation of key business processes across the supply chain for the rationale of generating value for customers and stakeholders. 2012. The first step in the process of change was to define the vision of the DH supply chain, as it should be in few years. Access to safe drinking water supplies and sanitation services in Ethiopia are among the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection: recommendations for a public health approach – 2nd ed. ... Download full-text PDF Read full-text. If medical supplies are out-of stock, sanitation. Annexes Resolutions Administrartive order Procurement Cycle Excerpts from the handbook o the Philippine Government Procurement Act and its IRR 42 End User: Identify Fast Moving Drugs and Mental health is one of the most disadvantaged health programmes in Ethiopia, both in terms of facilities and trained manpower. Fundamentals of Supply Chain Management 5 Contents 3.6apacity Planning C 42 3.7ullwhip E ect B 44 4ean Supply Management L 50 4.1 Or igins of the Lean Manufacturing 50 4.2ean Supply Principles L 51 4.3ocusing on Cost-to-Serve F 56 4.4 Drivers for Lean Supply Chain 57 4.5ean Process Mapping Tools L 60 5gile Supply Management A 70 Abebe Tadesse Lencha . Recurrent drought is also the main challenge of the country. WaterAid Ethiopia and Bahir Dar University encourages fair use of this document with proper citation. S I S. Water Supply and Sanitation in Amhara Region. With over seventy years of service, the Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency (EPSA) is a veteran institution in providing pharmaceuticals, laboratory reagents, medical equipment and supplies to the Ethiopian people. ... Ethiopia, Management, Supply … We extend our gratitude to Heads of the six Regional and City Council Health Bureaus, and Directors of the selected Health facilities who endorsed the study and for their invaluable support. II. First, supply chain management has an impact on human health requiring adequate and accurate medical supply conforming to the patients’ needs [13]. Evidences that could be associated with climate change have already started appearing in Ethiopia. 2 NATIONAL GUIDELINES ON DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS MANAGEMENT 1.1.1 Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDRTB) in the world According to the most recent WHO Global Tuberculosis Report (2018) the total number of new (incident) TB cases worldwide in 2017 was estimated at 10.0 million. 2 Pharmacy management systems, which provide real-time inventory quantities, can assist in maintaining As for all national vaccine supply … Each chapter explains how the component fits into the drug supply. The purpose of this study was to determine program drugs logistics management information system performance in public health facilities of East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State. Rational Drug Use • The number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 1.9 and this is encouraging when compared with … DOI: 10.32474/DDIPIJ.2018.01.000107. 4.Guideline. Ethiopia is a country with about 86 million people and 50 psychiatrists. Annex 1 Map of Ethiopia Annex 2 Organogram of MOWR Annex 3 Bank Group Financing in Ethiopia Annex 4 Technology Choices Annex 5 Environmental and Social Management Plan Summary Annex 6 Detailed Cost Estimates Annex 7 Cost Estimates, Expenditure Schedules, Procurement Table for ADF Financing Annex 8 Programme Organisational Chart Interruptions in the supply chains results into shortages or non availability of critical health commodities in many health centres and public health sector programs. The Handbook for Drug Supply Management at the First-level Health Facility describes each component and explains its standard procedures. Substance abuse refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs. : +1-703-524-6575 Fax: +1-703-524-7898 E-mail: was largely supported through the Strategies for Enhancing Access to Medicines grant from the … ISSN 1654-9392 . The implementation started in year 2001. Management and logistics in Ethiopia since the rate of hospital visits per health center will remain constant. Good inventory management practices in the health facilities are one of the critical aspects that influence the availability of essential medicines (EMs). This second edition of Ethiopian Medicines Formulary (EMF) has passed intensive works starting from preparation of the draft document by arranging monographs for each medicine to preparing detailed document. The objective of this review was to assess … Procurement is an important part of efficient drug management and supply and is critical for all levels of health care institutions. . DRUGS: save lives and improve health make health services reliable and support people partaking in health services are expensive requires especial notice compared to other consumer products supply method has great potential for improvement A bit of history From 1950-1970 basic drug management concept began to evolve e.g. To reach the MDG targets, the government will need to help ensure local water supply and sanitation (WSS) service providers continue to develop their capacity to manage operations. This study aimed to assess EMs availability and inventory management practices at health centers (HCs) of Adama town, Ethiopia. The healthcare supply chains are more complex and more immature compared to other industries [9, 11, 12]. Adverse drug reactions are major global public health problems and an important cause of mortality. manage supply chain in coordinated manner, KPMG consulting company was engaged. DDIPIJ.MS.ID.000107. Write a proposal to management for setting up of drug and therapeutic committee in line with requirements prescribed by the National Drug Policy. 44.1 Information for materials management The goals of medical stores management are to protect stored items from loss, damage, theft, or wastage and to manage the reliable movement of supplies from source to user in the most economical and expeditious way. Analysis of challenges of medical supply chains in sub-Saharan Africa regarding inventory management and transport and distribution Project Thesis Anna Schöpperle, 14078114/1 University of Westminster, London Westminster Business School Professor Prof. Allan Woodburn Submission Date 28 th, August 2013 Student ID 14078114/1 pharmaceutical services: retail pharmacies and drug sellers 8.8 Health systems strengthening, decentralization, and pharmaceutical supply management 8.16 8.9 Analyzing options for supplying essential medicines 8.18 8.10 Implementing sustainable changes in pharmaceutical supply systems 8.18 References and further readings 8.19 Let us start by learning some common terms and their definitions used in drug management: Medicine: a) An agent, such as a drug, used to treat disease or injury. A facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study design … 1.HIV Infections – drug therapy. Management Sciences for Health Attn: Managing Drug Supply 4301 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 400 Arlington, VA 22203 USA el. Ethiopia is among the 30 High TB, HIV and MDR-TB Burden Countries, with annual estimated TB incidence of 177/100,000 populations and death rate … This paper aims to review the healthcare supply chain (HSC) literature along various areas and to find out the gap in it.,In total, 143 research papers were reviewed during 1996-2017. Inventory management plays a major role in providing efficient healthcare in relation to three vital aspects of drug supplies used in the health facilities; availability, safety, and … KEYWORDS: Supply Chain Management, Public Procurement, Integrated Development Planning. Despite the numerous changes in nomenclature throughout the years, supplying pharmaceuticals has always been our core activity. 7.2 Encouraging national production capability of drugs, vaccines, supplies Learning and Communication Research Report, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia the acquisition of goods and/or services at the best possible total cost of ownership, A wide range of pharmaceutical products are needed for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HIV/AIDS. Given this context, a number of initiatives have been undertaken over … economic activities such asagriculture which is the main stay of Ethiopia’s economy, energy and water supply, human health, etc are also very sensitive to climate variations. Therefore, managers are not properly equipped to control the supply of medication. vaccine supply chain in Ethiopia. 251-115-521392 E-mail: daca@ethionet.et GENERAL ADVICE TO PRESCRIBERS AND DISPENSERS RATIONAL APPROACH TO THERAPEUTICS Drugs should only be prescribed when they are necessary, and in all cases the Among these, 9% were HIV+.
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