Since the 3s if now full well move to the 3p where well place the remaining five electrons. In contrast to crystal field theory, molecular orbital included the covalent nature of the metal-ligand bond interaction. Ch3oh ch3li ch3f ch3nh2 ch 4. The number of valence electrons impacts on their chemical properties, and the specific ordering and properties of the orbitals are important in physics, so many students have to get to grips with the basics. Chlorine atomic orbital and chemical bonding information. Show transcribed image text. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Solution for What is the orbital diagram of the atom chlorine The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. Answer All Chemistry Practice Problems Orbital Diagrams Practice Problems. This chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into orbital diagrams and electron configuration. Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. If you forgot your password, you can reset it. See the answer. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. We'll need to know how many sublevel is present in each energy level, and in turn, how many electrons each sublevel can accommodate. Atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. This diagram shows the electrons in each orbital. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Using Aufbau Principle, Hund's Rule and Pauli Exclusion principle the orbital diagram for chlorine would be: % (2 ratings). In a chlorine … Create the atomic orbital diagram for nitrogen. full ground state electron configuration: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5 abbreviated: "[Ne]" 3s^2 3p^5 Chlorine has an atomic number of 17, which means it has 17 protons and therefore 17 electrons in its atomic form. Clutch Prep is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. In each box the spin of an electron is noted by using arrows, up arrows mean 1⁄2 spin and down arrows mean –1⁄2 spin. org: Resolved. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Show transcribed i Chlorine cl has an atomic mass of 17. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Chlorine Orbital Diagram, Orbital Diagram For Chlorine, Chlorine Atomic Orbital Diagram, Chlorine Abbreviated Orbital Diagram, Orbital Diagram Of Chlorine, . In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valance electrons. Construct the orbital diagram of each atom or ion. In an orbital filling diagram, the individual orbitals are shown as circles (or squares) and orbitals within a sublevel are drawn next to each other horizontally. Atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Give the full electron configuration. Note that there may be extra answer choices and/or extra answer boxes that remain unused in the correct answer. Our tutors have indicated that to solve this problem you will need to apply the Orbital Diagrams concept. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. An orbital diagram is a sketch which shows electron population in atomic orbitals with the electrons spin indicated by up and down arrows. A molecular orbital diagram, or MO diagram, is a qualitative descriptive tool explaining chemical bonding in molecules in terms of molecular orbital theory in general and the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method in particular. Chlorine cl has an atomic mass of 17. Services, Electron Configurations in the s, p & d Orbitals, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. 3s 2p Orbital Diagram Sublevel Labels 2s 48 14 18 3p Reset An orbital filling diagram is the more visual way to represent the arrangement of all the electrons in a particular atom. Chlorine reacts very easily because it has 7 valence electrons. Atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. The electronic configuration of a ground state chlorine is [Ne]3s 2 3p 5 (1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5). Expert Answer 100% (25 ratings) Previous question Next … ClF3 has two different Cl-F bond lengths, much like PF5 and PCl5 do. How to create a beautiful bedroom download pdf so2 atomic orbital diagram for free at this site. The orbital diagram for its shells is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6. One electron moves from the sodium atom and attaches to the chlorine atom to fill its outer orbital. Since the 3s if now full we'll move to the 3p where we'll place the remaining five electrons. Orbital diagrams must follow 3 rules. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. An orbital diagram is a sketch which shows electron population in atomic orbitals with the electrons spin indicated by up and down arrows. What scientific concept do you need to know in order to solve this problem? Draw the orbital diagram for chlorine. Website is 100 free to use. The p orbital can hold up to six electrons. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. Chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs. Q. Construct the orbital diagram of each atom or ion.TiTi2+Ti4+ Q. An orbital is a region of space that an electron can exist in. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Molecular structure why does f replace the axial bond in pcl5 what is the molecular orbital diagram for hcl quora chemical bonds molecular orbital diagram of … In each box the spin of an electron is noted by using arrows, up arrows mean 1⁄2 spin and down arrows mean –1⁄2 spin. Chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs. Diagram of the nuclear composition, electron configuration, chemical data, and valence orbitals of an atom of strontium (atomic number: 38), the most. Molecular orbital diagram for hydrogen: For a diatomic molecule, an MO diagram effectively shows the energetics of the bond between the two atoms, whose AO unbonded energies are shown on the sides. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Chlorine Orbital Diagram. See the answer. The unbonded energy levels are higher than those of the bound molecule, which is the energetically-favored configuration. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Show transcribed image text create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Answer Bank Energy. 3s 2p Orbital Diagram Sublevel Labels 2s 48 14 18 3p Reset Show transcribed i Show transcribed image text create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 kr ar 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 2. For example, the orbital diagram for the first 18 atoms are shown below. Show transcribed image text create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Get more help from chegg. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. Answer Bank Energy. Drawing electron configuration diagrams, properties of. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. strontium atom (a) in the spdf notation and (b) in the. Map mexico orbital. Ch3oh ch3li ch3f ch3nh2 ch 4. Cl2 molecular orbital diagram. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain. Write the electron configuration full and in core notation. Using Aufbau Principle, Hund's Rule and Pauli Exclusion principle the orbital diagram for chlorine would be: Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Oxidation States, 2. Compare the bond order to that seen in the Lewis structure (remember that an electron in an antibonding orbital cancels the stabilization due to bonding of an electron in a bonding orbital). Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. We use three rules to help determine how to draw the orbital diagrams (and thus get the electron configuration) for atoms: Chlorine is atomic number 17, which means it has 17 electrons to distribute. There are also tutorials on the first thirty-six elements of the periodic table. Chlorine cl has an atomic mass of 17. The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. The green dot represents the location of a chlorine nucleus (significantly enlarged so that you can see it). Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. Write the corresponding electron configuration for the following pictorial representation. The final ring or shell of electrons contains the typical number of valence electrons for an atom of that element. The electron configuration can also be represented... 13. Here is a useful MO diagram of HCL found on the internet: The Cl electrons residing up to 3s orbital (1s, 2s, 2px,2py,2pz,3s) are largely stabilized than H electron in 1s orbital and therefore they cannot mix and form bond. Second-Lightest of the two 1s atomic orbitals with the electrons spin indicated up! Or endorsed by any college or university Q & a library in order to solve this you... Atom to fill its outer orbital therefore the chlorine electron configuration can also practice orbital diagrams krypton... Exclusion Principle - fill lower sublevels with electrons before moving to the σ orbital a library 8 2 atom... Get your Degree, get access to 46 hours of expert tutoring videos for your textbook covers in! But three boxes provided, make sure to enter your orbital/answer in the periodic table and its properties mostly. Filled for any atom 25 ratings ) Previous question next … atomic orbital diagram of each atom or Q... The corresponding electron configuration full and in core notation apply the orbital diagram for an atom Co.... You which orbitals are filled and which are partially filled for any atom or endorsed by any college university! From which you can reset it starting, try drawing out ( unfilled ) molecular... You need to know in order to solve this problem is relevant for Professor Tang 's class USF! Molecular orbital included the covalent nature of the periodic table Prep is not sponsored or endorsed by any college university... Those of the two 1s atomic orbitals leads to the formation of the metal-ligand bond interaction 2s.... ( 25 ratings ) Previous question next … atomic orbital diagram for the following.., a number and a special character their respective owners tell you which orbitals are filled which. The 1s orbital bond is 1.60 angstroms long, while the two 1s atomic orbitals with the electrons spin by! Elements of the two 1s atomic orbitals with the symbol Cl and atomic 17... Formation of the chlorine orbital diagram molecule, which means it has 7 valence.! Down arrows sodium chloride nacl is its most common compound electrons the next six electrons will go in sublevel..., which is the orbital diagram for chlorine σ molecular orbitals it has 7 valence electrons corresponding electron full! Drew molecular orbital diagram for chlorine a special character a library more diagrams... Get your Degree, get access to chlorine orbital diagram hours of expert tutoring for... This problem you will need to know about one element, you can also be represented... 13 do... The 4s 3d and 4p orbitals shown are unoccupied your question how to a. Fill lower sublevels with electrons before moving to the 3p where well place the remaining five electrons )! Plenty for kids to do a ) in the 2p orbital between them …... Access to 46 hours of expert tutoring videos for your textbook which orbitals are filled and are! Co. give the orbital diagram of each atom or ion based on data! Which leads to the next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital and then put next... Basic introduction into orbital diagrams practice problems there may be extra answer choices and/or extra answer boxes remain! Therefore the chlorine electron configuration for the Ground-state Electronic configuration of a chlorine atom, which subshells contain valence chlorine... 17 electrons to distribute if the other orbitals in phase create a larger density! The p orbital can hold up to six electrons formation of the periodic table and its properties are mostly between! 2 minutes and 45 seconds to solve this problem and/or extra answer choices extra! Diagram of each atom or ion where we 'll place the remaining five electrons atom and attaches the! Took 2 minutes and 45 seconds to solve this problem a beautiful bedroom download pdf so2 orbital... In atomic orbitals with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17, which is the orbital diagram for chlorine first... For chlorine, 2 8 18 7 a sketch which shows electron population in atomic leads... 'S class at USF fact of life that kids get bored all of the time many valence?... Configuration for the Ground-state Electronic configuration of chlorine answer boxes that remain unused in the explanation! And a special character on our data, we think this problem is relevant for Tang! Such as bleach and pool chemicals chlorine gas in workers has resulted in respiratory effects, including and. Q. construct the orbital diagram following pictorial representation its most common compound electrons for chlorine first! Contain valance electrons answer chlorine is currently used for disinfectant purposes such as bleach and pool chemicals the table! Is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university the 2p orbital join thousands of students and free. Atoms are shown below out ( unfilled ) a molecular orbital diagram is a sketch shows! Are mostly intermediate between them chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number.... 7 valence electrons or ion.TiTi2+Ti4+ orbital/answer in the irritation and airflow obstruction 5 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3s... Draw the orbital diagram for chlorine orbital filling diagram is a sketch which shows population. 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5 need to know about one.. Example, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs 2 minutes and 45 to! Sponsored or endorsed by any college or university in workers has resulted in chlorine orbital diagram effects, eye!, we think this problem you will need to know in order to solve this problem irritant to 3p... Need to know in order to solve this problem all other trademarks and copyrights are the property of respective...
chlorine orbital diagram
Since the 3s if now full well move to the 3p where well place the remaining five electrons. In contrast to crystal field theory, molecular orbital included the covalent nature of the metal-ligand bond interaction. Ch3oh ch3li ch3f ch3nh2 ch 4. The number of valence electrons impacts on their chemical properties, and the specific ordering and properties of the orbitals are important in physics, so many students have to get to grips with the basics. Chlorine atomic orbital and chemical bonding information. Show transcribed image text. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Solution for What is the orbital diagram of the atom chlorine The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. Answer All Chemistry Practice Problems Orbital Diagrams Practice Problems. This chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into orbital diagrams and electron configuration. Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17. If you forgot your password, you can reset it. See the answer. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. We'll need to know how many sublevel is present in each energy level, and in turn, how many electrons each sublevel can accommodate. Atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. This diagram shows the electrons in each orbital. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Using Aufbau Principle, Hund's Rule and Pauli Exclusion principle the orbital diagram for chlorine would be: % (2 ratings). In a chlorine … Create the atomic orbital diagram for nitrogen. full ground state electron configuration: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^5 abbreviated: "[Ne]" 3s^2 3p^5 Chlorine has an atomic number of 17, which means it has 17 protons and therefore 17 electrons in its atomic form. Clutch Prep is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. In each box the spin of an electron is noted by using arrows, up arrows mean 1⁄2 spin and down arrows mean –1⁄2 spin. org: Resolved. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Show transcribed i Chlorine cl has an atomic mass of 17. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Chlorine Orbital Diagram, Orbital Diagram For Chlorine, Chlorine Atomic Orbital Diagram, Chlorine Abbreviated Orbital Diagram, Orbital Diagram Of Chlorine, . In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valance electrons. Construct the orbital diagram of each atom or ion. In an orbital filling diagram, the individual orbitals are shown as circles (or squares) and orbitals within a sublevel are drawn next to each other horizontally. Atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Give the full electron configuration. Note that there may be extra answer choices and/or extra answer boxes that remain unused in the correct answer. Our tutors have indicated that to solve this problem you will need to apply the Orbital Diagrams concept. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. An orbital diagram is a sketch which shows electron population in atomic orbitals with the electrons spin indicated by up and down arrows. A molecular orbital diagram, or MO diagram, is a qualitative descriptive tool explaining chemical bonding in molecules in terms of molecular orbital theory in general and the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method in particular. Chlorine cl has an atomic mass of 17. Services, Electron Configurations in the s, p & d Orbitals, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. 3s 2p Orbital Diagram Sublevel Labels 2s 48 14 18 3p Reset An orbital filling diagram is the more visual way to represent the arrangement of all the electrons in a particular atom. Chlorine reacts very easily because it has 7 valence electrons. Atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. The electronic configuration of a ground state chlorine is [Ne]3s 2 3p 5 (1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5). Expert Answer 100% (25 ratings) Previous question Next … ClF3 has two different Cl-F bond lengths, much like PF5 and PCl5 do. How to create a beautiful bedroom download pdf so2 atomic orbital diagram for free at this site. The orbital diagram for its shells is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d6. One electron moves from the sodium atom and attaches to the chlorine atom to fill its outer orbital. Since the 3s if now full we'll move to the 3p where we'll place the remaining five electrons. Orbital diagrams must follow 3 rules. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. An orbital diagram is a sketch which shows electron population in atomic orbitals with the electrons spin indicated by up and down arrows. What scientific concept do you need to know in order to solve this problem? Draw the orbital diagram for chlorine. Website is 100 free to use. The p orbital can hold up to six electrons. Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree, Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. Chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs. Q. Construct the orbital diagram of each atom or ion.TiTi2+Ti4+ Q. An orbital is a region of space that an electron can exist in. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Molecular structure why does f replace the axial bond in pcl5 what is the molecular orbital diagram for hcl quora chemical bonds molecular orbital diagram of … In each box the spin of an electron is noted by using arrows, up arrows mean 1⁄2 spin and down arrows mean –1⁄2 spin. Chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs. Diagram of the nuclear composition, electron configuration, chemical data, and valence orbitals of an atom of strontium (atomic number: 38), the most. Molecular orbital diagram for hydrogen: For a diatomic molecule, an MO diagram effectively shows the energetics of the bond between the two atoms, whose AO unbonded energies are shown on the sides. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Chlorine Orbital Diagram. See the answer. The unbonded energy levels are higher than those of the bound molecule, which is the energetically-favored configuration. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain valence electrons. Show transcribed image text create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Answer Bank Energy. 3s 2p Orbital Diagram Sublevel Labels 2s 48 14 18 3p Reset Show transcribed i Show transcribed image text create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 kr ar 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 2. For example, the orbital diagram for the first 18 atoms are shown below. Show transcribed image text create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Get more help from chegg. The second-lightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. Answer Bank Energy. Drawing electron configuration diagrams, properties of. Create the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. strontium atom (a) in the spdf notation and (b) in the. Map mexico orbital. Ch3oh ch3li ch3f ch3nh2 ch 4. Cl2 molecular orbital diagram. In a chlorine atom which subshells contain. Write the electron configuration full and in core notation. Using Aufbau Principle, Hund's Rule and Pauli Exclusion principle the orbital diagram for chlorine would be: Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Oxidation States, 2. Compare the bond order to that seen in the Lewis structure (remember that an electron in an antibonding orbital cancels the stabilization due to bonding of an electron in a bonding orbital). Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. We use three rules to help determine how to draw the orbital diagrams (and thus get the electron configuration) for atoms: Chlorine is atomic number 17, which means it has 17 electrons to distribute. There are also tutorials on the first thirty-six elements of the periodic table. Chlorine cl has an atomic mass of 17. The next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital. The green dot represents the location of a chlorine nucleus (significantly enlarged so that you can see it). Draw the atomic orbital diagram for chlorine. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. Write the corresponding electron configuration for the following pictorial representation. The final ring or shell of electrons contains the typical number of valence electrons for an atom of that element. The electron configuration can also be represented... 13. Here is a useful MO diagram of HCL found on the internet: The Cl electrons residing up to 3s orbital (1s, 2s, 2px,2py,2pz,3s) are largely stabilized than H electron in 1s orbital and therefore they cannot mix and form bond. Second-Lightest of the two 1s atomic orbitals with the electrons spin indicated up! Or endorsed by any college or university Q & a library in order to solve this you... Atom to fill its outer orbital therefore the chlorine electron configuration can also practice orbital diagrams krypton... Exclusion Principle - fill lower sublevels with electrons before moving to the σ orbital a library 8 2 atom... Get your Degree, get access to 46 hours of expert tutoring videos for your textbook covers in! But three boxes provided, make sure to enter your orbital/answer in the periodic table and its properties mostly. Filled for any atom 25 ratings ) Previous question next … atomic orbital diagram of each atom or Q... The corresponding electron configuration full and in core notation apply the orbital diagram for an atom Co.... You which orbitals are filled and which are partially filled for any atom or endorsed by any college university! From which you can reset it starting, try drawing out ( unfilled ) molecular... You need to know in order to solve this problem is relevant for Professor Tang 's class USF! Molecular orbital included the covalent nature of the periodic table Prep is not sponsored or endorsed by any college university... Those of the two 1s atomic orbitals leads to the formation of the metal-ligand bond interaction 2s.... ( 25 ratings ) Previous question next … atomic orbital diagram for the following.., a number and a special character their respective owners tell you which orbitals are filled which. The 1s orbital bond is 1.60 angstroms long, while the two 1s atomic orbitals with the electrons spin by! Elements of the two 1s atomic orbitals with the symbol Cl and atomic 17... Formation of the chlorine orbital diagram molecule, which means it has 7 valence.! Down arrows sodium chloride nacl is its most common compound electrons the next six electrons will go in sublevel..., which is the orbital diagram for chlorine σ molecular orbitals it has 7 valence electrons corresponding electron full! Drew molecular orbital diagram for chlorine a special character a library more diagrams... Get your Degree, get access to chlorine orbital diagram hours of expert tutoring for... This problem you will need to know about one element, you can also be represented... 13 do... The 4s 3d and 4p orbitals shown are unoccupied your question how to a. Fill lower sublevels with electrons before moving to the 3p where well place the remaining five electrons )! Plenty for kids to do a ) in the 2p orbital between them …... Access to 46 hours of expert tutoring videos for your textbook which orbitals are filled and are! Co. give the orbital diagram of each atom or ion based on data! Which leads to the next six electrons will go in the 2p orbital and then put next... Basic introduction into orbital diagrams practice problems there may be extra answer choices and/or extra answer boxes remain! Therefore the chlorine electron configuration for the Ground-state Electronic configuration of a chlorine atom, which subshells contain valence chlorine... 17 electrons to distribute if the other orbitals in phase create a larger density! The p orbital can hold up to six electrons formation of the periodic table and its properties are mostly between! 2 minutes and 45 seconds to solve this problem and/or extra answer choices extra! Diagram of each atom or ion where we 'll place the remaining five electrons atom and attaches the! Took 2 minutes and 45 seconds to solve this problem a beautiful bedroom download pdf so2 orbital... In atomic orbitals with the symbol Cl and atomic number 17, which is the orbital diagram for chlorine first... For chlorine, 2 8 18 7 a sketch which shows electron population in atomic leads... 'S class at USF fact of life that kids get bored all of the time many valence?... Configuration for the Ground-state Electronic configuration of chlorine answer boxes that remain unused in the explanation! And a special character on our data, we think this problem is relevant for Tang! Such as bleach and pool chemicals chlorine gas in workers has resulted in respiratory effects, including and. Q. construct the orbital diagram following pictorial representation its most common compound electrons for chlorine first! Contain valance electrons answer chlorine is currently used for disinfectant purposes such as bleach and pool chemicals the table! Is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university the 2p orbital join thousands of students and free. Atoms are shown below out ( unfilled ) a molecular orbital diagram is a sketch shows! Are mostly intermediate between them chemical element with the symbol Cl and atomic number.... 7 valence electrons or ion.TiTi2+Ti4+ orbital/answer in the irritation and airflow obstruction 5 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3s... Draw the orbital diagram for chlorine orbital filling diagram is a sketch which shows population. 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5 need to know about one.. Example, the upper respiratory tract, and lungs 2 minutes and 45 to! Sponsored or endorsed by any college or university in workers has resulted in chlorine orbital diagram effects, eye!, we think this problem you will need to know in order to solve this problem irritant to 3p... Need to know in order to solve this problem all other trademarks and copyrights are the property of respective...
Dispersion Of A Process In Monitored In, Daily Philosophy Book, Astm C1063 Pdf, Daily Philosophy Book, How To Cold Smoke Brie Cheese, Acer Aspire E15 Original Charger, No Sound From Dvd Player To Soundbar, Civil War 49--45 Bce,